WORD OF COVER’S USAGE IN COMMERCIAL CONTRACT

　　Cover一詞在商務英語合同中使用相當頻繁，其含義甚多并且復雜，在各種單證、合同的不同條款中含義不同。

　　Cover一詞的含義及翻譯

　　Cover一詞既能作動詞使用，又能作名詞作用，該詞的派生詞covering和coverage也具有相同的特性。

　　Cover在商務英語中作動詞時用途靈活，含義廣泛：

　　在支付的語境中，表示付款給某人、支付費用的含義，可譯為支付、付款給某人。例如：

　　For payment: please send draft for acceptance, at maturity we will cover you in accordance with your instructions

　　付款：請將匯票交我方承兌, 到期時, 我們將按照你方的要求向你方付款。

　　Enclosed is a certified check for $ 1000 to cover the cost of the package plus air shipment.

　　隨信附上1000美元的保付支票作為包裝費和空運費。

　　We will open an irrevocable L/C in your favor through Bank to cover the total CIF value of this order.

　　我們將以你方為受益人，經(jīng)銀行開出不可撤銷的信用證以支付此次所訂購貨物的到岸價格的全部貨款。

　　在下列句子中其含義為處理，根據(jù)情況可譯為談論、處理、涉及等。

　　Maybe we should hold off until we have covered item B on our agenda.

　　也許我們應該先談論完B項議題。

　　表示說明、解釋的含義，直接譯為說明、解釋等。例如：

　　We enclose leaflet No.5 which covers this point in detail.

　　我們特附上第五號說明書，該說明書對這個方面進行了詳細說明。

　　在保險語境中，表示投保險、對保險。譯為投保險、對保險。Cover后的賓語通常是險別、貨物或人，往往因賓語的性質(zhì)不同，其后所使用的介詞不同。也可用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，常有-ed或-ing + 賓語結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。例如：

　　We suggest you consider an Open Policy which would cover all consignments made by you. It is true that a Declaration Policy would have a lower premium but this would cover shipments to Europe only.

　　我方建議貴方考慮預約保險，這樣可以對你方托運的每批貨物保險。當然，申報險的保險費更低，但這個險種只對運往歐洲的貨物進行保險。

　　Enclosed please find a copy of our present contract. You will note the nature of the coverage and the people (and their age) who are covered by our present policy. There is no change in the personnel to be covered.

　　今附上我們目前的保險合同一份，貴方會注意到我方投保的性質(zhì)和被保人員的范圍(及他們的年齡)。在被保人員方面沒有什么變化。

　　Insurance is to be covered by the seller for 110% of the invoice value against all Risks and War Risk.

　　由賣方投保, 按發(fā)票金額的110%投保一切險和戰(zhàn)爭險。

　　marine insurance policies or certificates in negotiable form, for 110% full CIF invoice covering the risks of War & W.A. as per the People's Insurance Co. of China dated 1/1/1976. with extended cover up to Kuala Lumpur with claims payable in (at) Kuala Lumpur in the currency of draft (irrespective of percentage)

　　使用可議付格式的海運保險單或憑證，按到岸價的發(fā)票金額的110%投保中國人民保險公司1976年1月1日生效的戰(zhàn)爭險和水漬險，保險責任擴展至吉隆坡止。按照匯票所使用的貨幣在吉隆坡賠付(無免賠率)

　　Insurance policy covered for 110% of total invoice value against All Risks and War Risks .

　　按發(fā)票總金額的110% 投保一切險和戰(zhàn)爭險

　　in the currency of the credit for the CIF value of the shipment plus 10 percent covering All Risks, .

　　依據(jù)信用證上所定幣種按本批貨物的CIF(到岸價)加10%投保一切險。

　　但要注意，在下列句子中，雖然是在談保險之事，但cover的意思是包括，應注意分析：

　　The risk of breakage is covered by marine insurance, isn't it?

　　破碎險是包括在海洋運輸貨物險之內(nèi)的，對嗎?

　　insurance policy or certificate covering parcel post all risks including war risks as per parcel post insurance clauses and parcel post war risk insuracne clauses of the People''s Insurance Company of China dated...

　　保險單或憑證按照中國人民保險公司*年*月*日郵包保險條款和郵包戰(zhàn)爭險條款投保郵包一切險和郵包戰(zhàn)爭險。

　　表示包括、包含時，譯為包括、包含等。例如：

　　All Risks covers all losses occurring throughout the voyage caused by accidents at sea or land. In other words, it includes F.P.A., W.P.A., and general additional risks, with special additional risks exclude[3].

　　一切險包括運輸途中由于海上和陸上事故造成的一切損失。也就是說，除了包括水漬險和平安險的全部責任外，還包括一般附加險，但不包括特別附加險。

　　The price quoted in the brochure cover packing and are subject to 15% discount. 小冊子所列的價格包括包裝費在內(nèi)，有15%的折扣。

　　表示購買、定貨，可譯為定購。

　　If you insist on your original quotation, we will have to cover our requirements elsewhere.

　　如果貴方堅持按原報價，我方將不得不從其它方面定購(購進)我們需要的貨物。

　　This is to inform you that 500 dozen of shirts covered by your Order No.145 were shipped per s.s. Peace on March 5.

　　茲告知，你方第145號定單所訂購的500打襯衫已于3月5日交由和平號貨輪裝運。(-ed結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語)

　　I have duly received your Sale Confirmation No.01JCMA1234 covering 50,000 pairs working boots we have booked with you.

　　我方已按時收到了我方向你方定購50,000雙工作靴的編號為01JCMA1234銷售確認書。

　　表示寫明、記清楚的含義，可譯為開出、記明、載明、注明等。常以V+ing +賓語結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。例如：

　　Commercial invoice in five copies signed by beneficiary covering the CIF value of the goods and containing a statement that the goods are not of Israeli origin nor do they contain any Israeli material.

　　由受益人簽章的商業(yè)發(fā)票一式五份，發(fā)票上開出的金額為貨物的到岸價，同時作出全部貨物的原產(chǎn)地不是以色列，而且產(chǎn)品不含有任何以色列所生產(chǎn)的原材料的申明。

　　We hereby issue our irrevocable Documentary Credit in your favor available by your draft(s) drawn at sight on us and accompanied by documents specified below covering full CFR invoice value of merchandise.

　　我們特開出了以你方為受益人的不可撤銷的跟單信用證，憑你方開出的載明為貨物的全部CFR發(fā)票金額的即期匯票和下列單據(jù)向我方議付。

　　Full set clean on board marine/ocean Bill of Lading covering port to port shipment[4].

　　注明直達運輸?shù)恼滓蜒b船清潔提單。

　　有時后接定單等名詞時，表示與有關、關于的含義，Cover 常以-ing的形式出現(xiàn)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為V+ing +名詞，作后置定語，譯為與有關、關于、為了。例如：

　　We have received your goods covering our order of August 10. On opening the goods, we have found it contains completely different articles. As we need the correct articles, we request you arrange for dispatch of replacements at once. Meanwhile we will keep the goods at your disposal.

　　關于8月10日定單所定的貨物我方業(yè)已收到。開箱后發(fā)現(xiàn)貨物完全不對，既然我方需要的是合同所規(guī)定的貨物，因此要求你方立即安排調(diào)換貨物。同時，我們將貨物保存，由你方處置。

　　We have just received your advice that you cannot carry out the complete shipment covering our order for sundries at one sailing.

　　我方剛收到你方通知：你方不能用一個航次將我方所定雜貨完全裝運。

　　Thank you very much for your L/C covering your order No.100.

　　感謝你方為第100號的定單開來的信用證。

　　The letter of credit covering your order No. 500 has not yet reached us in spite of our repeated requests.

　　盡管我方一再要求，我方仍然還沒有收到你方為500號定單所開的信用證。

　　Cover作名詞時的含義及翻譯

　　在說明郵寄情況的句子中，含義是一個信封，一次郵寄，可譯為用信件、用郵件、函等。常用的短語有in one cover(附在信中， 隨函郵寄);under separate cover(另函郵寄或另行郵寄);under registered cover(掛號信郵寄，掛號函)和in a separate cover(另函或另函包內(nèi))。例如：

　　The negotiating bank should send all documents in one cover to our international division.

　　議付行應將所有單據(jù)用信件一次性寄交我方國際貿(mào)易部。

　　We are sending you under separate cover by airmail some sales promotional literatures.

　　茲另函航郵寄上一些促銷資料。

　　In order to promote business between us, we are airmailing you samples under separate cover for your inspection.

　　為促進雙方業(yè)務往來，另函航郵寄上樣品，供你方看樣(檢驗)。

　　At the suggestion of ... we have much pleasure in sending you under separate cover our price lists... which we hope might possibly be of interest to you[5].

　　鑒于...的建議，今另函寄上我方...產(chǎn)品的價格單，望能使你方感興趣。

　　在保險語境中，譯為保險、保險單。例如：

　　open cover 預約保險單(吳林康, 1995: 176)

　　marine insurance policies or certificates in negotiable form, for 110% full CIF invoice covering the risks of War & W.A. as per the People's Insurance Co. of China dated 1/1/1976. with extended cover up to Kuala Lumpur with claims payable in (at) Kuala Lumpur in the currency of draft (irrespective of percentage).

　　使用可議付格式的海運保險單或憑證，按到岸價的發(fā)票金額的110%投保中國人民保險公司1976年1月1日生效的戰(zhàn)爭險和水漬險，保險責任擴展至吉隆坡止。按照匯票所使用的貨幣在吉隆坡賠付(無免賠率)

　　表示包裝外皮。

　　Cover torn (提單批語) 包裝外皮裂開

　　Cover的派生詞的含義及其翻譯

　　Cover其派生詞covering、coverage也使用頻繁。

　　Covering的含義及其翻譯

　　Cover 的派生詞covering 在商務英語中使用也相當頻繁，作形容詞，放在另一名詞或名詞短語前作定語。表示與有關、與有聯(lián)系的含義，這時可譯為有關的、相關的、本、此、該、關于等。例如：

　　The covering Letter of Credit must reach the Seller 15 days before .

　　有關的信用證必需在前15日到達賣方。

　　The contents of the covering Letter of Credit shall be in strict conformity with the stipulations of the Sales Contract.

　　此(該)信用證的內(nèi)容須嚴格符合本銷售合同的規(guī)定。

　　注意：Covering letter: 為公文用語,有其特定的含義

　　(letter sent with a document, or with goods, etc, typically explaining the content

　　隨公文、貨物等發(fā)出的通常用以說明其內(nèi)容的)附信。

　　Coverage的含義及其翻譯

　　Coverage為cover 的另一個派生詞，作名詞，主要用于保險場合，其含義是保險、險別、投保，如：

　　Risks & Coverage 險別　　increasing coverage , extending coverage 加保

　　renewing coverage 續(xù)保

　　We can serve you with a broad range of coverage against all kinks of risks for sea transport.　　我公司可以承保海洋運輸?shù)乃须U別。

　　W.P.A coverage is too narrow for a shipment of this nature. Please extend the coverage to include TPND.

　　針對這種性質(zhì)的貨物只保水漬險是不夠的，請加保偷竊提貨不著險。

　　Don't you wish to arrange for W.P.A. and additional coverage against Risk of Breakage?

　　您不想保水漬險和附加破碎險嗎?

　　The coverage is W.P.A. plus Risk of Breakage. 投保的險別為水漬險加破碎險。

　　As our usual practice, insurance covers basic risks only, at 110 percent of the invoice value. If coverage against other risks is required, such as breakage, leakage, TPND, hook and contamination damages, the extra premium involved would be for the buyer's account.

　　按照我們的慣例，只?；倦U，按發(fā)票金額的110%投保。如果要加保其它險別，如破碎險、滲漏險、偷竊提貨不著險、鉤損和污染險等，額外保險費由買方負擔。

　　It’s important for you to read the fine print in any insurance policy so that you know what kind of coverage you are buying.

　　閱讀保險單上的細則對你是十分重要的，這樣就能知道你要買的保險包括哪些項目。

　　We will arrange coverage on your behalf. 我們將代替你方投保。