三十六計(jì)(Thirty-Six Stratagems)-第七計(jì)

　　無中生有 Create Something From Nothing

　　原文 Content

　　誑也，非誑也，實(shí)其所誑也。少陰，太陰，太陽。

　　英文注釋：You use the same feint twice. Having reacted to the first and often the second feint as well, the enemy will be hesitant to react to a third feint. Therefore the third feint is the actual attack catching your enemy with his guard down.

　　探源 Origin

　　英文：During the An Lushan rebellion in 756 AD the Tang general Zhang Xun was under siege by the forces of general Linghu Chao. Outnumbered twenty to one, the defending Tang forces soon ran out of arrows. To remedy this general Zhang ordered his men to make straw dummies and to dress them in black uniforms. That night the dummies were lowered over the city walls by ropes, accompanied to the beat of war drums. General Linghu thought the enemy was launching a surprise night offensive and ordered his archers to shower the figures descending the walls with arrows. Once the dummies where riddled with arrows the Tang soldiers pulled them back up the walls and thus restored their supply of arrows. The next night the Tang again lowered the dummies but General Linghu ordered his men to ignore them believing it was the same trick to get more arrows. When general Zhang saw that no one was firing at the straw dummies, he ordered that five hundred of his best troops be lowered instead. They made a lightning raid on the encamped soldiers who were caught completely by surprise. The siege was lifted and general Linghu's army fled the field.(引用自www.chinastrategies.com)

　　中文：公元756年安祿山叛亂爆發(fā)，其部將令狐潮將唐朝將領(lǐng)張巡重重包圍。由于敵眾我寡，唐朝軍隊(duì)的箭很快就用完了。為緩解危機(jī)，張將軍命令部下做些稻草人，并給它們穿上黑色的制服。夜幕降臨之際，伴隨著戰(zhàn)鼓，他們將稻草人沿著城墻往下吊。令狐潮以為是敵人趁著夜色突襲，于是趕緊命令弓箭手將驟雨般的箭射向那些沿著城墻下降的物體。唐朝士兵將扎滿箭的稻草人提上來，因此解決了箭的供給問題。第二天晚上，唐朝軍隊(duì)故伎重演，令狐潮認(rèn)為又是敵人的詭計(jì)，命其部下不予理會。張將軍見無人攻擊稻草人，便下令迅速吊下五百名精銳部隊(duì)，以迅雷不及掩耳之勢突襲了駐營的對方士兵，打得他們措手不及。圍城之急解除了，令狐潮的軍隊(duì)潰敗逃離。

　　詞匯 Vocabularies

　　hesitant: 遲疑的，躊躇的

　　rebellion: 叛亂，造反

　　outnumber: 比…多，在數(shù)量上超過;如：Men outnumber women here in the ratio of three to one.( 此地男子數(shù)量以三比一超過女子。)

　　straw dummy: 稻草人;dummy在這里指傀儡，假人，另外dummy還有傻瓜的意思

　　shower: 此處作動詞，紛撒，將…驟雨般傾倒下來

　　riddle: 充斥，布滿，把…打得滿是窟窿;riddle還可以作名詞，表示謎語，或作動詞，表示解謎，如：He found out the riddle at last.(他終于猜出了這個謎語。)

　　lightning: 閃電似的，極快的;如：lightning raid(突然襲擊，突然查抄),lightning speed(閃電般的速度)

　　總結(jié) Summary

　　有既是無，無既是有，“無中生有”就是要將沒有的變成有的。到底怎么樣才能把沒有變成有呢?可分解為三部曲：第一步，示敵以假，讓敵人誤以為真;第二步，讓敵方識破我方之假，掉以輕心;第三步，我方變假為真，讓敵方仍誤以為假。這樣，真中有假，假中有真，擾亂敵方思想后，一切就盡在掌握之中。